laird



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. LAIRD, Jr.

LOOM FOR WEAVING BAGS, &c.

No. 286,711. Patented Oct. 16, 1883.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. LAIRD, Jr.

LOOMI'OR WEAVING BAGS, &t. No. 286,711. Patented Oct. 16, 1883.

- W @Mc I N. PUERS. MLnnap-v v- Walhin ton. 0.0.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

J. LAIRD, Jr. LOOM FOR WEAVING BAGS, 6w. No. 286,711. Patented Oct. 16., 1883.

N. Pinks. Phnlaljlhognpher. wuhin m. D. t;

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

J. LAIRD, J r.

LOOM FOR WEAVING BAGS, 8:0.

(No Model.)

Patented Oct. 16, 1883 ,NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN LAIRD, Jn, or FORFAR, COUNTY or FORFAR, SCOTLAND, AssioNoR Town. RUTHERFORD, or SAN rnANoIsoo, CALIFORNIA.

LOOM FOR WEAVlN G BAGS, 800.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 286,711, dated October 16, 1883. Application filed February 5,1883. (No model.) Patented in England December 21, 1SS2,1\'0.6,098.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

.fBe it known that I, JOHN LAIRD, J12, of

the town and county of Forfar, North Britain, manufacturer, have invented Improvements in Looms forVVeaving Bags, 820., (for which Ihave received Letters Patent of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, No. 6,093, dated December 21, 1882, and which improvements have been patented in no other country or countries of which the following is a specification.

This invention has specIal reference to looms for weaving bags, sacks, and other tubular or double fabrics, in which the cloth has at definite intervals or spaces to be woveninto single cloth for the purpose of forming the bottoms or sides of such bags,sacks, or simila"articles,

according as the said articles are woven with their length lying longitudinally or transversely with the web or warp of the cloth. The obj ectis more especially to render the whole of the operations in connection with the weaving of such goods or fabrics, and especially the bottoming and measuring operations,'automatic.

The invention consists in a spur pinion or wheel applied to the end of, the shaft which carries the pace-beam, which wheel or pinion gears into and drives a second pinion or wheel of any required diameter carried upon a stud on a lever attached to the gable of the I loom. This lever and its stud may be swung on its clamping-screw for accommodating pinions of different (llZtHlQllQlS, This second pinionis provided with an adjustable finger placed transversely to the axis of the pinion, and so shaped that it, at the proper moment or point of its rotation, comes into contact with an elastically-fitted studthat is to say, a stud acted upon by a spring projecting fromthe side or face ofa ratchet-disk carried loosely upon the pace-beam shaft, and gives to the ratchet-disk a slight motion sufficient to turn a long tooth on the ratchet away from beneath a'recipro-- eating pawl and allow said pawl'to engage with the next tooth and give motion to the ratchet-wheel and revolve it progressively. At the back of this ratchet-disk is a cam formed in segments, the extent of whose surface is variable by varying the number or width of the segments (the said segments being removable) which are at any time attached to the disk, and the number or extent of surface of such segments so used is varied or regulated according to the width of the bottom or sides requiring to be woven into the bag. Upon the second motion-shaft or wiper-shaft, or other suitable shaft of the loom," an eccentric is fitted, which drives the pawl or hook hereinbefore mentioned, giving to the same a constant reciproacting motion. The ratchet-disk has one long tooth, and when this is below the pawl thereof acts against a roller carried in a lever,

which lever, being raised by' the said cam, presses at its opposite end (provided with a screw) down upon an intermediate lever that acts upon the drag-lever, and thereby increases the drag or tension upon the warp, during the time the bottoms or sides of, the bags are being woven. So soon as the cam on the back of the ratchet-disk is moved out of contact with the roller on the aforesaid lever, the pressure upon the drag-lever is. released, so that the drag returns to its normal degree. Simultaneously with the increase of the drag on the warp, the same lever by which that is effected also acts through a rock-shaft arm and draw-rod to pull down the horizontal needleboard of the Dobbie machine into a posit ion wherein the needles come opposite that row of holes in the cards or barrel of the dobbie by which the shed of the warp necessary for weaving single cloth is produced, so as to form the bottom or sides of the bag. The dobbie or shedding mechanism acting upon the warps is of any ordinaryconstruction such, for example, as that shown in the United States Patent No. 152,654, granted June '30, 1874, to which reference may be made-and does not require tal needles of Debbie machines are carried,

and this part of the improvements is such that each or all ofthe horizontal needles is or are capable of bein g removed from the guidebars without removing the guide-bars in their ent-irety,-as hitherto. This is effected by constructing the guide-bars in two portions, the upper part of which is held into the lower part by meansof a dovetail tongue or equivalent joint against which springs press. the arrangement being such that on the release of the springs the upper part of the needle bar or guide is easily taken out of place.

In the drawings, Figure l is a front elevation of a loom fitted with mechanism con-' spectively a front elevation and plan of a me die-guide bar constructed according to and constituting another part of my present invention.

Upon one end of the shaft a of the pacebeam 22 I key or otherwise suitably fit the spur pinion or wheel 0, Fig. 3, which pinion or wheel gears into and drives a second spur pinion or wheel, d, which may be of any required diameter, being carried upon or in a bearing formed in the lever 6, attached to the gablef of the loom by the pinching-nut g, and capable of being-adj usted in position on the gable 1. At the back of this second pinion orwheel, (l, is provided the finger h. (Shown in Fig. 3,

and more particularly in Fig. .4.) This finger I1. is capable of being adjusted by the set-screw of, so that its end projects more or less. finger h is so shaped that it, at the proper moment or point of its rotation, comes into contact with the elastically-fitted stud j, which is acted upon at its back by the spring k. (Shown more particularly in dotted lines at Fig. 5.) The 'stud 3 projects from the side or face of the ratchet-disk Z, which is carried loosely upon the pace beam shaft a at the back of the spur pinion or wheel 0, hereinbefore mentioned, At the back of this ratchet-disk Z is the adjustable cam m, formed in segments, which are seand as .more particularly seen at Fig. 1.

cured by screws or otherwise suitably fitted to the back thereof, and the extent of whose periphery may be varied or adjusted by varying the number or width of the segments which are at any time attached to the disk, and the number or extent of surface of such segments souse'd is respectively increased or diminished, according as the width of the single ,cloth forming the bottom or sides requiring to be woven into the bag is increased or diminished.

Upon the second motion-shaft, a, of this loom,

'This or other suitable shaft, the eccentric 0 is fitted, which drives the pawl or hook p, which, while the ratchet Z is. in the position indicated in Fig. 3, slides idly upon the long tooth q, but engages the next tooth of the ratchet immediately after the latter has been advanced a step by the finger h at the back of the second pinion or wheel, (1, coming into contact with the elastically-fitted stud j, and then causes the ratchet to be progressively moved round until the long tooth q again comes under the pawl or hook p. \Vhen the ratchet-disk Z is so rotated, the cam m at the back thereof bears in an upward direction against the anti-friction roller 7', carried in one end ofthc lever s. (Shown more particularly at Fig. 6.) The lever s is mounted upon a rock-shaft, if, so that when the one end is raised by the cam m in the manner described its other end is depressed, so that the adjustable screw it therein bears upon and presses down one end of the lever 0 and the drag-lever w, to which it is pivoted at a; (from which part the-weights x are suspended,) and thereby increases the pressure exerted by the chain (represented in dot and pick lines at upon the drag-wheel 2, thus increasing the tension upon the warp during the time the bottoms or sides of the bags are being woven. The lever 22 (shown more particularly at Fig. 7) is supported atit its one end at w, as hereinbefore mentioned, and at its other end is carried and is free to slide longitudinally upon the rock-shaft t, forming the pivot of the here inbefore-mentioned lever 8. Upon the end of the rock-shaft t is also pivoted the pawl a, to retain the ratchet wheel or disk Z in the position it has been brought to by the action of the eccentric 0 and pawl or hook p. S0 soon as the cam m on the back of the ratchet-disk Z is moved out of contact with the anti-frietion roller 0" in the hereinbefore-mentioned lever 8, the pressure of that lever upon the leverr, and thereby upon the drag-lever w, is released, so that the drag returns to its normal tension.

bears and slides idly backward and forward upon the long tooth q in the ratchet-disk 1 until the said disk is again started forward so as to be engaged with by the pawl or hook p by the action of the finger h on the stud j, in the manner hereinbefore described. The rockshaft 1, to which the lever sis made fast, passes through the side frame, and is provided with a crank-arm, b, to the outer end of which arm the draw-rod c is connected. This rod effects a change in the order of shedding through the agency of the levers e and f, shafts g, and link h, which pulls down the horizontal needleboard 2" from that position wherein the needles come opposite the row of holes in the cards or barrel of the dobbie, by which double weaving is produced, to a position opposite the row of holes, whereby the sheds of the warp necessary for'wcaving single cloth, so as to form the bottom or sides of the bag, is produced.

XVhen the ratchet-disk has completed its rotation, the pawl or hook p again ICO "It is to be understood that the spring d acts .to draw up the rod 0 and press the roller 0" toward the cam m, and to restore the parts to their normal position after the cam on moves away from under the roller 0'.

' For the purpose of drivingthe pace-beam, I fit upon the inner end of the shaft j of the ratchet-wheel k (which is similar to those generally used for the take-up-motion) the.

pinion-wheel Z, which gears with the changewheel m. The wheel 75 has ratchet-teeth upon its periphery, and the pawl 75 thereof receives motion from a lever moved by a rocker upon the lay, or in any other convenient manner. The wheel m is carried upon a stud, n, fitted into an adjustable lever, (not shown on the drawings,) but constructed similar to the adjustable lever e hereinbefore described. At the back of the change-wheel m,'and fitted on the same stud, a, is the pinion 0, which gears with the wheel 1),, fitted on the shaft c of the pace-beam I).

It is obvious that the speed of the pace-beam b is regulated by the change-wheel m, and it may either be increased or diminished, according as the size of the change-wheel m is altered. Another part of my present invention consists of the formation of the needle-guide bar in two parts, as represented at Figs. 9 and 10 of the accompanying drawings,in which the upper part, q, is dovetailed into thelower part, 1-, and held therein by the springs s, which are pivoted into the lower part, 1', and which, on being turned into the position represented by the dotted lines, render the upper part, q, and thereby the needles, removable. The shaft of the cloth-beam t rests upon inclined guides '10, and thebeam receives its motion from the pace-beam b, and the cloth is wound upon such beam t.

The diagrams Fig. 8 show the two sides of the gearing Z, m, 0, and 1), that intervenes between the shaft j of the ratchet-wh eel k and the shaft a of the pace-beam, whereby the latter is slowly revolved as the weaving progresses.

I claim--- 1. The combination, with the pace-beam of a loom, of the ratchet-disk Z, having a long tooth, q, the eccentric and means to operate the same, and pawl acting in connection with such ratchetdisk, the gearing driven by said pace-beam, and finger it, moved by such gearing, the yielding stud j upon the ratchet-disk, and the cam m, and mechanism brought into action thereby for weaving the single portion of the bag when the long tooth of the ratchetdisk has been moved away from beneath the pawl by thefinger 71, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the ratchet-disk l, the cam on, and means, substantially as specified, for bringing such ratchet-disk into action periodically, of the lever s and levers 'v 10, chain y, and warpbeam, for increasing the tension of the warps while the single portion of the bag is being woven, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with the pace-beam of aloom, of the ratchet-disk I, having a long tooth, the eccentric and means to rotate the same, and pawl acting in connection with such disk, the gearing driven by such pace-beam, and finger h, moved by such gearing,the yielding-stud j upon the ratchet-disk, the cam on, lever s, shaft and arm b, rod 0, the needleboard, and means for connecting the same with the rod 0, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The needle-guide bar, formed'of the part a" and the bar q, dovetailed at its ends, in combination with the movable springs s, for holding the bar q into its place, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN LAIRD, JR. 

